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The social disruption (SDR) stressor occurred over a 2 h period between 1630 and 1830, which is at the transition from the end of the light cycle to the beginning of the dark (i.e., active) cycle. SDR was initiated by placing an aggressive male mouse into the home cage of the resident mice as previously reported (Bailey et al., 2007). The aggressor was the same strain as the residents and was originally isolated from the rest of the colony due to observed aggressiveness towards cagemates. During SDR, agonistic interactions between the aggressor and the residents were observed for the first 20 min to be sure that the aggressor attacked and defeated all of the residents. If fighting did not begin within the first 5 min of the interactions, a different aggressor was placed in the cage. After fighting was initiated, the aggressors were left in the cages for 2 h. At the end of the 2 h period, the aggressor was removed and the residents were left undisturbed until the following day when SDR was repeated. Thus, the residents were exposed to a total of 6, 2-h cycles of SDR. The subjects of the experiments were the residents that were repeatedly defeated by the aggressor. Mice were euthanized immediately after the last cycle of SDR (designated SDR + 0 h) or the morning following the last cycle of SDR (designated SDR + 15 h).

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This isn't just your ordinary kind of daily social stress - it was a combative physical and social stress. That sort of "social stress" would be enough to give anyone GI problems. It is a long way from interpreting in terms of humans not mice. It will be interesting to see if antibiotics reduces the effective of stress on human gut flora too. An interesting thing about these findings is they seem as if they might fit the theory for the cause of IBS that is emerging which is the notion of bacterial metabolic 'toxins'. This theory fits well with the gut-brain dysfunction theory too.

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